AGRI-FOOD WASTE AND BYPRODUCTS IN TAMBAQUI AND TILAPIA DIETS: A circular economy perspective for small-scale fish farming in the amazon
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Fish farming has become a strategic activity for fish production in Brazil. However, the high costs of feed represent an obstacle to the economic viability of the activity, driving the search for alternatives. This study investigated the potential of agri-food waste in the formulation of handmade feed for tambaqui and tilapia, taking into account the socioeconomic aspects of fish farmers, the availability and seasonality of local ingredients, production infrastructure, and scientific evidence on the applicability of these inputs in the nutrition of the species. The research was conducted between 2023 and 2024 in the municipality of Vigia, Pará, covering 30 fish farmers. The methodology included technical visits and the use of structured questionnaires. The results indicated that fish farming is mostly conducted by men (93.3%) and operates in an extensive system (96.6%), using only family labor. Ingredients such as bananas (26.6%), mangoes (20%), açaí (16.6%), and cassava (20%) were the most commonly used alternative fish feeds. However, 90% of fish farmers do not have the infrastructure for the production of handmade feed. A literature review revealed that agro-industrial waste, has a nutritional composition compatible with the needs of tambaqui and tilapia and may partially replace conventional ingredients without compromising zootechnical performance. Our results indicated crops analyzed are intended for the final growth phase for both species, and their feeding habits are omnivorous. However, implementing this approach requires technical training and experimental studies to evaluate the nutritional and physiological effects of the ingredients on the digestibility and feed conversion of species.
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